The Extended Use of the Verb Suru

The verb suru (to do) has many extended uses, which occur quite often.   (1) To Make (a) Adverb form of I-adjective suruTo change the I-adjective to the adverb form, replace the final ~i with ~ku. (e.g. ookii --- ookiku) Terebi no oto o ookiku shita. ãÆ'†ãÆ' ¬Ã£Æ'“㠁 ®Ã©Å¸ ³Ã£â€šâ€™Ã¥ ¤ §Ã£  Ã£  Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿ--- I turned up the volume of the TV.Tsugi no tesuto wa mou sukoshi muzukashiku suru tsumori da. æ ¬ ¡Ã£  ®Ã£Æ'†ã‚ ¹Ã£Æ'ˆã  ¯Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£ â€ Ã¥ °â€˜Ã£ â€"é› £Ã£ â€"㠁 Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£  ¤Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£â€šÅ Ã£   Ã£â‚¬â€š--- I am going to make the next exam a little more difficult. (b) Adverb form of Na-adjective suruTo change the Na-adjective to the adverb form, replace the final ~na with ~ni. (e.g. kireina --- kireini) Heya o kireini suru. éÆ' ¨Ã¥ ±â€¹Ã£â€šâ€™Ã£  Ã£â€šÅ'㠁„㠁 «Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹--- Im cleaning the room.Kana wa darenidemo shinsetsu ni suru. é ¦â„¢Ã¥ ¥Ë†Ã£  ¯Ã¨ ª °Ã£  «Ã£  §Ã£â€šâ€šÃ¨ ¦ ªÃ¥Ë†â€¡Ã£  «Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š --- Kana is kind to everybody. (2) ToDecide Suru should be used when you are choosing from several available alternatives: Koohii ni shimasu. ã‚ ³Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ'’ãÆ' ¼Ã£  «Ã£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢--- Ill have coffee.Kono tokei ni shimasu. 㠁“㠁 ®Ã¦â„¢â€šÃ¨ ¨Ë†Ã£  «Ã£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢--- Ill take this watch.Pikunikku wa raishuu ni shimashou. ãÆ'”ã‚ ¯Ã£Æ'‹ãÆ'Æ'ã‚ ¯Ã£  ¯Ã¦  ¥Ã©â‚¬ ±Ã£  «Ã£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â€"ょ㠁†ã€‚--- Let’s agree that the picnic will be next week. (3) The Cost, Duration of Time When accompanied by phrases indicating price, it means cost. When used with a verb that indicates duration of time, it means, lapse. Kono kaban wa gosen en shimashita. 㠁“㠁 ®Ã£ â€¹Ã£  °Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£  ¯Ã¤ ºâ€Ã¥ Æ'円㠁â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿ--- This bag cost 5,000 yen.Sono tokei wa dono gurai shimashita ka. 㠁 Ã£  ®Ã¦â„¢â€šÃ¨ ¨Ë†Ã£  ¯Ã£  ©Ã£  ®Ã£  Ã£â€šâ€°Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã â€¹--- About how much did that watch cost?Ato ichinen shitara Nihon ni ikimasu. Ã¥ ¾Å'ä ¸â‚¬Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã‚‰æâ€" ¥Ã¦Å" ¬Ã£  «Ã¨ ¡Å'㠁 Ã£  ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€š --- I am going to Japan in another year. When suru is used to mean duration of time, it is only be used in a subordinate clause. In a main clause, the verb tatsu is used instead. Gonen tachimashita. ä ºâ€Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã£ Å¸Ã£  ¡Ã£  ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã€‚--- Five years passed. (4) To Feel, to Smell, or to Hear When suru is combined with phrases associated with appearance, it means, to appear. Kono hana wa ii nioi ga suru. 㠁“㠁 ®Ã¨Å  ±Ã£  ¯Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€žÃ¥Å'‚㠁„㠁Å'㠁™ã‚‹--- This flower smells good.Nami no oto ga suru. æ ³ ¢Ã£  ®Ã©Å¸ ³Ã£ Å'㠁™ã‚‹--- I hear the sound of the waves.Kore wa henna aji ga shimasu. 㠁“ã‚Å'㠁 ¯Ã¥ ¤â€°Ã£  ªÃ¥â€˜ ³Ã£ Å'㠁â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€š--- This tastes funny.Samuke ga shimasu. Ã¥ ¯â€™Ã¦ °â€"㠁Å'㠁â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€š--- I feel a chill. (5) To Appear When suru is combined with phrases associated with appearance, it means, to appear. Kanojo wa samishisouna me o shite ita. Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã¥ ¥ ³Ã£  ¯Ã£ â€¢Ã£  ¿Ã£ â€"㠁 Ã£ â€ Ã£  ªÃ§â€º ®Ã£â€šâ€™Ã£ â€"㠁 ¦Ã£ â€žÃ£ Å¸Ã£â‚¬â€š--- She had sad eyes. (Her eyes looked sad.)Kare wa aoi kao o shite iru. Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã£  ¯Ã© â€™Ã£ â€žÃ© ¡â€Ã£â€šâ€™Ã£ â€"㠁 ¦Ã£ â€žÃ£â€šâ€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š--- His face looks pale. (6) Loan Word + Suru Loan words are often combined with suru to change the word into a verb. Most loan words are taken from English verbs. Here are some examples: doraibu suru ãÆ'‰ãÆ' ©Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ'â€"㠁™ã‚‹ --- to drivetaipu suru ã‚ ¿Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ'â€"㠁™ã‚‹ --- to typekisu suru ã‚ ­Ã£â€š ¹Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to kissnokku suru ãÆ'ŽãÆ'Æ'ã‚ ¯Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to knockpasu suru ãÆ'‘ã‚ ¹Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to passhitto suru ãÆ'’ãÆ'Æ'ãÆ'ˆã â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to hit (7) Noun (of Chinese Origin) + Suru Suru is combined with nouns of Chinese origin to change them into a verb. benkyou suru 勉å ¼ ·Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to studysentaku suru æ ´â€"æ ¿ ¯Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to do the washingryokou suru æâ€"…è ¡Å'㠁™ã‚‹ --- to travelshitsumon suru è ³ ªÃ¥â€¢ Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to ask questionsdenwa suru é› »Ã¨ © ±Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to telephoneyakusoku suru ç ´â€žÃ¦ Å¸Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to promisesanpo suru æ• £Ã¦ ­ ©Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to take a walkyoyaku suru ä ºË†Ã§ ´â€žÃ£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to reserveshokuji suru é £Å¸Ã¤ ºâ€¹Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to have a mealsouji suru æŽÆ'é™ ¤Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to cleankekkon suru ç µ Ã¥ ©Å¡Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to get marriedkaimono suru è ² ·Ã£ â€žÃ§â€° ©Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to shopsetsumei suru è ª ¬Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to explainjunbi suru æ ºâ€"備㠁™ã‚‹ --- to prepare The particle o can be used as an object particle after a noun. (e.g. benkyou o suru, denwa o suru) There is no difference in meaning with or without o. (8) Adverb or Onomatopoetic Expressions + Suru Adverbs or onomatopoeic expressions can be combined with suru to change them into verbs. yukkuri suru ゆ㠁 £Ã£  Ã£â€šÅ Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to stay longkatto suru 㠁‹ã  £Ã£  ¨Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to flare upzotto suru 㠁žã  £Ã£  ¨Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to shiverbonyari suru 㠁 ¼Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£â€šâ€žÃ£â€šÅ Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to be absent mindedniko niko suru ãÆ'‹ã‚ ³Ã£Æ'‹ã‚ ³Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to smilewaku waku suru ãÆ' ¯Ã£â€š ¯Ã£Æ' ¯Ã£â€š ¯Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to be excited