What to Do if Youre Charged With Plagiarism in College

What to Do in case You're Charged With Plagiarism in College Written falsification the demonstration of making somebody elses work look like your own, regardless of where you discovered it-is entirely normal on school grounds. In the event that one of your teachers or a manager acknowledges what youve done, you might be accused of unoriginality and put through a grounds legal framework. Make sense of the Process Do you have a conference? It is safe to say that you should compose a letter clarifying your side of the story? Does your teacher essentially need to see you? Or on the other hand would you be able to be set on scholastic probation? Make sense of what youre expected to do and by when and afterward ensure it completes. Ensure You Understand the Charges You may have gotten an emphatic letter blaming you for copyright infringement, but then youre not thoroughly clear on what precisely it is youre being blamed for. Talk with whoever sent you the letter or your teacher about the points of interest of your case. In any case, ensure you are completely clear on what youre being accused of and what your alternatives are. Comprehend the Consequences In your brain, you may have been up late, composing your paper, and absentmindedly reordered something from your exploration that you neglected to refer to. In your teachers mind, in any case, you may have not paid attention to the task very, demonstrated irreverence to the person in question and your individual colleagues, and acted in a way that is inadmissible at the school level. What isn't intense to you may for sure be intense to another person. Ensure you comprehend what the outcome are, in this manner, before you are obnoxiously shocked at how your dilemma just deteriorated. Regard and Participate in the Process You may not think the counterfeiting charge is a serious deal, so you hurl the letter aside and forget about it. Shockingly, in any case, copyright infringement charges can be not kidding business. Regard and partake all the while with the goal that you can clarify your circumstance and arrive at a goals. Make sense of What Youve Learned so It Doesnt Happen Again Literary theft charges in school can be managed delicately (article rework) or harshly (ejection). Thusly, gain from your mix-up with the goal that you can forestall getting yourself into a comparative circumstance once more. Having a misconception about written falsification, all things considered, can just happen once. Whenever you get a letter, people are substantially less liable to be understanding since youve as of now experienced the framework. Realize what you can and push ahead toward your definitive objective: your recognition (earned by you and your own work, obviously!).

Criticisms of the positivism approach

Reactions of the positivism approach This paper plans to investigate and evaluate the reactions that have been leveled at the utilization of positivism inside human topography. It will turn out to be evident that the greater part of these reactions follow two interlinked subjects: The possibility that such logical and quantitative methodologies depend on speculation and are shallow naturally, and that positivisms target approach will in general decline affirmation of people and their encounters. Be that as it may, in spite of the various imperfections of positivist methodologies, it is credulous to overlook the helpful parts of their nomothetic course. This paper will reason that the separation between the positivist and non-positivist (humanistic, radical and Marxist) geographers ought not be viewed as a shortcoming in the order, yet rather as Geographys primary quality. As Ackerman (1958 p.74, refered to in Johnston, 1997) noted, most geological research has managed a lot of speculation, yet it has offered importance to other research endeavors which succeeded it. In this sense it has a square structure trademark. (p.17). The philosophical separation is along these lines in reality valuable. Non positivist methodologies praise the speculations of the past increasingly positivist investigations through development and study. Before inundating into the unmistakable discussions characteristic of these reactions however, a short history of positivism is vital with the goal that the investigates that follow can be comprehended consistently. Positivism is a philosophical methodology that can be applied to sociologies. The methodology was established upon the conviction that wonders of the human social world are the same as those of the common inorganic and natural world (Unwin, 1992 p.31). Accordingly, the dad of positivism (Kitchin, 2006 p.20), Auguste Comte felt that social wonders ought to be considered utilizing progressively logical procedures. Kitchin (2006) clarifies this new methodology, first introduced in Quite a while mid nineteenth century compositions, concentrated on realities and certainties that could be experimentally demonstrated and watched. Without a doubt the thinking behind the begetting of the term positivism was the methodologies intend to organize real certainties. Comte requested target contemplates utilizing replicable techniques with the goal that basic laws could be created, he was subsequently contemptuous of magical and standardizing inquiries as they were apparently difficult to reply from a logical point of view. As positivism developed in impact it expanded into two principle headings; intelligent positivism and basic logic (adulteration). Intelligent positivism, a result of the Vienna Circle during the 1920s, spins around the possibility that a speculation ought to be set and energetically tried until it turns out to be measurably obvious (Johnston et al, 2000). Popper (1976) then again proposed the perfect that something is just evident until it is negated, in this way scholastics ought to mean to invalidate speculations. Thusly this turns into an increasingly target strategy as you are not one-sided toward fulfilling the standards inside your own theory. Obviously there are blemishes with both of these standards. It is difficult to demonstrate numerous things without question, particularly when managing forms as muddled as those applied to human geology; and not all things can be distorted, it is for instance impractical to adulterate something that can't be legitimately tried. By and by, these two strands of positivism assumed a significant job in the use of the way of thinking inside human topography. While positivism set the basis for the discussions that are to follow, the quantitative upheaval went about as the trigger. During the 1950s Geographys low notoriety as a science prompted an expansion in positivist and quantitative ways to deal with human topography as the order endeavored to legitimize itself by delivering laws dependent on observational proof (Unwin, 1992 p.106). To be sure geology had moved drastically from a customary idiographic engaging way to deal with that of a nomothetic, flourishing with proof and measurements. Obviously the two methodologies are as yet present in contemporary geology, yet the ascent in positivist research is certain. This obviously drives us to the reactions that one portion of the topographical gap have leveled at their positivistic foes. As laid out in the presentation, the greater part of the reactions focused on positivism in human geology are inexactly based around its shallow nature, clearing articulations and absence of regulating questions. The primary significant evaluate of the positivist methodology is its over propensity to concentrate on space, this has been named spatial fetishism. Livingstone (1992, p.328) ventures to recommend that Geographys encounter with the jargon of coherent positivism was a post hoc methods for excusing its endeavor to reconstitute itself as a spatial science. Geology ought to cover something beyond space and scales, to be sure it is called human topography as its expectation ought to be to reveal people groups encounters and cooperations with the world and one another. It is surely simple to reprimand positivism if its motivation was to organize spatial science over different topographies. The advancement of the control would absolutely be restricted if most of research depended uniquely on quantitative spatial examination and demonstrating. Sack (1980) concurs that positivistic geographys spatial feitsh has been to the detriment of every single other part of topography. Collinge (2005) contends that an excess of spotlight on unmistakable spatial relations to society and social change can be deconstructive. He hails and requires a continuation of investigate against topographies current comprehension of room and society, rather proposing that connections between the two (the thoughtful that can not be secured with mass speculations) ought to be concentrated all the more intimately with less spotlight on the differentiation between the two measurements. While this exertion by Collinge and to be sure new women's activist geographers is positively honorable, it is a moderately powerless study as it offers no genuine arrangement. All things being equal, as Collinge himself induced, evaluate can really be productive, it does after all lead to additionally explore and thus further information on the world. Proceeding with the study of positivist geographys spatial fetishism, Sack (1980) additionally guarantees that this attention on space really serves to disengage space from time. This is one more investigate that recommends positivism to be deconstructive. Dynamism is at the core of topography, especially the human side. Quantitative examinations can be taken, connections and examples can be watched, however the outcomes are continually going to be intrinsically liable to change. Surely positivisms nomothetic methodology plans to deliver laws, yet doesn't think about all things. This is necessary to Harveys (1973) contention as he guarantees that positivism disregards factors, for example, political and sociological movements that must be concentrated qualitively. In any case, that doesn't imply that positivism doesnt have a place in topography. Regardless of whether we were to expect that positivism were just keen on spatial sciences, it is as yet a helpful way of thinking, as is qu antitativism a valuable apparatus. In a subject as powerful as geology subjective techniques alone couldn't adequately comprehend the world. While positivism is defective and overgeneralising, and could even be supposed to be a type of spatial fetishism, quantitative research can create speedy outcomes. This obviously is fundamental in what is a consistently evolving scene. To return to the two principle subjects of scrutinize plot in the presentation, positivist investigations are, or possibly were, shallow natured both as far as what, and how they broke down marvels. As Spate (1960) clarified, there is a requirement for quantitative geology, however the information that is picked up can't be communicated simply in number structure. It is beginning currently to turn out to be certain that the philosophical separation that exists inside geology may not be such a terrible thing all things considered. Positivist investigations are gaining the crude realities, all be it with on occasion a summed up demeanor, yet pundits are developing these realities, subsequently designing a superior working information. Strangely however, a considerable lot of these reactions are inexactly based around the sensible side of positivism. The potential helpfulness of adulteration (in spite of its imperfections) in a regularly changing subject is fascinating, in which case, certainties need not really consistently be facts. A second arrangement of investigates target positivisms free enterprise disposition towards its exploration subjects. Maybe the key nonentity behind this scrutinize is David Harvey. Indeed, even in Harveys Explanation in Geography (1969, p.107), a book that wasnt particularly radical being one of his prior works, saw that it is absurd to propose that all our exceptional meaningful issues will be unraveled only by the pinch of the sparkling wand of logical clarification. By 1973 Harvey had gotten dispirited with the over dependence of positivist methodologies inside topography, not on the grounds that it so regularly neglected to inquire as to why things were as they were, yet to be specific because of its impartiality and subsequently its failure to take care of the issues that it so frequently revealed. It was this quietness and clumsiness which basically explain(ed) the need for an unrest in geographic idea (Harvey, 1973). Harveys upset to be specific brought about the formation of both Marxist and Radical geographers (Kitchin, 2006). For sure the impacts of this developing topography are still felt today with the extension of women's activist geology among different gatherings. By and by we arrive at the gap inside the discpilne. To rapidly sum up and emphasize here, the dualism inside geology and the evaluate of positivist methodologies really ventured to make new parts of topography, something that must be advantageous for inquire about purposes as the subject has advanced to turn out to be more broadened than any other time in recent memory. Without a doubt then the crave information inside topography is entirely extraordinary as it has ever been. While Kwan and Schwanen (2009) a

Should Teenagers Not Take SSRIs

Should Teenagers Not Take SSRIs Depression Treatment Print Cautions About the Use of SSRIs and Other Antidepressants in Teenagers By Barbara Poncelet Barbara Poncelet, CRNP, is a certified pediatric nurse practitioner specializing in teen health. Learn about our editorial policy Barbara Poncelet Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 05, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 03, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids martin-dm / Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand Effectiveness in Teens Potential Adverse Effects Suicide Risk What to Watch For Next Steps View All When a teen has depression, counseling and antidepressants are often offered as options for treatment, especially if the depression is considered moderate or severe. If your teen is prescribed an antidepressant such as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), its normal to have questions about how it works and whether its safe. Its important for you and your family to be educated about an antidepressant so you can help your teen understand the benefits and potential adverse effects (and how to manage them). An Overview of Teen Depression Effectiveness in Teens Antidepressants are there to help with the uncomfortable, disturbing, and even disabling symptoms of depression. Antidepressants can improve your teens mood, appetite, sleep, ability to focus, and may even relieve the physical aches and pains that sometimes come with depression. These medications also help treat anxiety symptoms.?? Most importantly, because depression can lead to suicide, it is extremely important to effectively treat teens with depression who are experiencing suicidal thoughts. Antidepressants may be most effective if your teen is also working with a therapist or psychiatrist. During counseling, your teen will learn coping skills  to help deal with lifes stressors. Your teen will also explore the possible causes of depression and talk about issues they may not feel comfortable disclosing to friends or family. A mental health professional can be a wonderful ally for the  parents of a teen with depression. These professionals have a wealth of information and resources about the disorder and can provide invaluable insight into the best way to treat it. The Dangers of Untreated Depression in Teens Potential Adverse Effects All medications have side effects. If your physician or psychiatrist suggests an antidepressant, youll walk to ask about the specific drugs common side effects. One of the most commonly prescribed classes of antidepressants for adolescent depression is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).?? While these medications can be safe and effective, they can have side effects: NauseaDiarrheaInsomniaSedationHeadachesDry mouthDizzinessWeight gainSexual side effects With many antidepressants, the side effects are mild and temporary.?? When your teen is first starting a medication, its important for them to know that the physical discomfort is likely to get better soon. Although not necessarily a drawback, it is important for parents and teens to know that the medications do not work instantly. It can take, on average, four to six weeks for the full effect of antidepressants to be felt.?? Just like it takes time for the side effects to improve, it also takes some time for the medication to fully work. Discussing how antidepressants work with your teen ahead of time will help you both avoid disappointment when your childs depression doesnt immediately get better. Suicide Risk The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cautions that young adults between the ages of 18 to 24 who are taking an antidepressant may be at risk for an increase in suicidal thoughts and actions.?? The risk has been noted at the beginning and through the first few months of treatment. The agency requested that drug manufacturers indicate this risk with a warning on the package inserts for the medications they make (called a black box warning). Parents, caregivers, and professionals need to watch for a potential increase in suicidal thinking and behavior in children and teens taking antidepressants. Can Antidepressants Make You Feel Worse? What to Watch For Your teen is an individual in many waysâ€"from their sense of style to personality to hobbies. They are also unique in how they will respond to an antidepressant. While many teens do not experience an increase in suicidal thoughts, it is possible. The FDA recommends looking for the following warning signs which may indicate your teen is considering suicide or deteriorating psychologically: Expression of new or persistent thoughts of suicideWorsening depressionAnxietyAgitation  Feelings of restlessness (akathisia)Panic attacksInsomniaNew or worsening irritabilityAggressive behaviorHostility or impulsivityUnusual changes in behaviorHypomania or mania Becoming familiar with these signs and staying involved and alert is especially important during the first few months of treatment, as well as when changes are made to your teens treatment plan (such as an increase or decrease in dose, addition of new medications, discontinuation of medications, or a change in medication).?? If you notice these signs or your teen brings any of them to your attention, it is imperative that you contact your teens physician, psychiatrist, or counselor immediately. If your teen is threatening suicide or has made an attempt, call 911 or your local emergency or crisis number. You can reach the National Suicide Prevention Hotline at 1-800-273-8255. Next Steps If your teen has depression, it is important for you and your teen to discuss the pros and cons of antidepressant use with your teens physician. Teens need to take their antidepressants exactly as their doctor prescribes them, usually daily. Tell your teens doctor if your child is taking any other medications or supplements, as they may interact with antidepressants. You and your teen should also know that antidepressant medications should never be stopped abruptly. If your teen suddenly stops taking their antidepressant, they may experience symptoms of withdrawal. If you or your teen think its time to change medications or alter the dose, talk to your teens doctor about tapering off the medication gradually. A Word From Verywell Teens with depression may have difficulty sleeping, issues related to eating, and problems at school or with friends. For some teens, antidepressant medications may be able to help. When making a choice about treatment, you and your family need to become familiar with the benefits and drawbacks of these medications so you can make an informed decision. Depression can have serious, even deadly, consequencesâ€"but early recognition, intervention, and treatment can help your whole family recovery. Antidepressants and counseling can make a big difference to a teen who is depressed, as well as offer your family with information and strategies for coping. How to Help Your Depressed Teenager

The Extended Use of the Verb Suru

The verb suru (to do) has many extended uses, which occur quite often.   (1) To Make (a) Adverb form of I-adjective suruTo change the I-adjective to the adverb form, replace the final ~i with ~ku. (e.g. ookii --- ookiku) Terebi no oto o ookiku shita. ãÆ'†ãÆ' ¬Ã£Æ'“㠁 ®Ã©Å¸ ³Ã£â€šâ€™Ã¥ ¤ §Ã£  Ã£  Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿ--- I turned up the volume of the TV.Tsugi no tesuto wa mou sukoshi muzukashiku suru tsumori da. æ ¬ ¡Ã£  ®Ã£Æ'†ã‚ ¹Ã£Æ'ˆã  ¯Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£ â€ Ã¥ °â€˜Ã£ â€"é› £Ã£ â€"㠁 Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£  ¤Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£â€šÅ Ã£   Ã£â‚¬â€š--- I am going to make the next exam a little more difficult. (b) Adverb form of Na-adjective suruTo change the Na-adjective to the adverb form, replace the final ~na with ~ni. (e.g. kireina --- kireini) Heya o kireini suru. éÆ' ¨Ã¥ ±â€¹Ã£â€šâ€™Ã£  Ã£â€šÅ'㠁„㠁 «Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹--- Im cleaning the room.Kana wa darenidemo shinsetsu ni suru. é ¦â„¢Ã¥ ¥Ë†Ã£  ¯Ã¨ ª °Ã£  «Ã£  §Ã£â€šâ€šÃ¨ ¦ ªÃ¥Ë†â€¡Ã£  «Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š --- Kana is kind to everybody. (2) ToDecide Suru should be used when you are choosing from several available alternatives: Koohii ni shimasu. ã‚ ³Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ'’ãÆ' ¼Ã£  «Ã£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢--- Ill have coffee.Kono tokei ni shimasu. 㠁“㠁 ®Ã¦â„¢â€šÃ¨ ¨Ë†Ã£  «Ã£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢--- Ill take this watch.Pikunikku wa raishuu ni shimashou. ãÆ'”ã‚ ¯Ã£Æ'‹ãÆ'Æ'ã‚ ¯Ã£  ¯Ã¦  ¥Ã©â‚¬ ±Ã£  «Ã£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â€"ょ㠁†ã€‚--- Let’s agree that the picnic will be next week. (3) The Cost, Duration of Time When accompanied by phrases indicating price, it means cost. When used with a verb that indicates duration of time, it means, lapse. Kono kaban wa gosen en shimashita. 㠁“㠁 ®Ã£ â€¹Ã£  °Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£  ¯Ã¤ ºâ€Ã¥ Æ'円㠁â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿ--- This bag cost 5,000 yen.Sono tokei wa dono gurai shimashita ka. 㠁 Ã£  ®Ã¦â„¢â€šÃ¨ ¨Ë†Ã£  ¯Ã£  ©Ã£  ®Ã£  Ã£â€šâ€°Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã â€¹--- About how much did that watch cost?Ato ichinen shitara Nihon ni ikimasu. Ã¥ ¾Å'ä ¸â‚¬Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã‚‰æâ€" ¥Ã¦Å" ¬Ã£  «Ã¨ ¡Å'㠁 Ã£  ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€š --- I am going to Japan in another year. When suru is used to mean duration of time, it is only be used in a subordinate clause. In a main clause, the verb tatsu is used instead. Gonen tachimashita. ä ºâ€Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã£ Å¸Ã£  ¡Ã£  ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã€‚--- Five years passed. (4) To Feel, to Smell, or to Hear When suru is combined with phrases associated with appearance, it means, to appear. Kono hana wa ii nioi ga suru. 㠁“㠁 ®Ã¨Å  ±Ã£  ¯Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€žÃ¥Å'‚㠁„㠁Å'㠁™ã‚‹--- This flower smells good.Nami no oto ga suru. æ ³ ¢Ã£  ®Ã©Å¸ ³Ã£ Å'㠁™ã‚‹--- I hear the sound of the waves.Kore wa henna aji ga shimasu. 㠁“ã‚Å'㠁 ¯Ã¥ ¤â€°Ã£  ªÃ¥â€˜ ³Ã£ Å'㠁â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€š--- This tastes funny.Samuke ga shimasu. Ã¥ ¯â€™Ã¦ °â€"㠁Å'㠁â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€š--- I feel a chill. (5) To Appear When suru is combined with phrases associated with appearance, it means, to appear. Kanojo wa samishisouna me o shite ita. Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã¥ ¥ ³Ã£  ¯Ã£ â€¢Ã£  ¿Ã£ â€"㠁 Ã£ â€ Ã£  ªÃ§â€º ®Ã£â€šâ€™Ã£ â€"㠁 ¦Ã£ â€žÃ£ Å¸Ã£â‚¬â€š--- She had sad eyes. (Her eyes looked sad.)Kare wa aoi kao o shite iru. Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã£  ¯Ã© â€™Ã£ â€žÃ© ¡â€Ã£â€šâ€™Ã£ â€"㠁 ¦Ã£ â€žÃ£â€šâ€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š--- His face looks pale. (6) Loan Word + Suru Loan words are often combined with suru to change the word into a verb. Most loan words are taken from English verbs. Here are some examples: doraibu suru ãÆ'‰ãÆ' ©Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ'â€"㠁™ã‚‹ --- to drivetaipu suru ã‚ ¿Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ'â€"㠁™ã‚‹ --- to typekisu suru ã‚ ­Ã£â€š ¹Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to kissnokku suru ãÆ'ŽãÆ'Æ'ã‚ ¯Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to knockpasu suru ãÆ'‘ã‚ ¹Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to passhitto suru ãÆ'’ãÆ'Æ'ãÆ'ˆã â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to hit (7) Noun (of Chinese Origin) + Suru Suru is combined with nouns of Chinese origin to change them into a verb. benkyou suru 勉å ¼ ·Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to studysentaku suru æ ´â€"æ ¿ ¯Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to do the washingryokou suru æâ€"…è ¡Å'㠁™ã‚‹ --- to travelshitsumon suru è ³ ªÃ¥â€¢ Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to ask questionsdenwa suru é› »Ã¨ © ±Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to telephoneyakusoku suru ç ´â€žÃ¦ Å¸Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to promisesanpo suru æ• £Ã¦ ­ ©Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to take a walkyoyaku suru ä ºË†Ã§ ´â€žÃ£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to reserveshokuji suru é £Å¸Ã¤ ºâ€¹Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to have a mealsouji suru æŽÆ'é™ ¤Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to cleankekkon suru ç µ Ã¥ ©Å¡Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to get marriedkaimono suru è ² ·Ã£ â€žÃ§â€° ©Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to shopsetsumei suru è ª ¬Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to explainjunbi suru æ ºâ€"備㠁™ã‚‹ --- to prepare The particle o can be used as an object particle after a noun. (e.g. benkyou o suru, denwa o suru) There is no difference in meaning with or without o. (8) Adverb or Onomatopoetic Expressions + Suru Adverbs or onomatopoeic expressions can be combined with suru to change them into verbs. yukkuri suru ゆ㠁 £Ã£  Ã£â€šÅ Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to stay longkatto suru 㠁‹ã  £Ã£  ¨Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to flare upzotto suru 㠁žã  £Ã£  ¨Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to shiverbonyari suru 㠁 ¼Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£â€šâ€žÃ£â€šÅ Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to be absent mindedniko niko suru ãÆ'‹ã‚ ³Ã£Æ'‹ã‚ ³Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to smilewaku waku suru ãÆ' ¯Ã£â€š ¯Ã£Æ' ¯Ã£â€š ¯Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ --- to be excited

The Julius Caesar - 671 Words

Julius Caesar is the one of the famous Roman generals. Many may recognize this name from the great works of Shakespeare. Before the great works of Shakespeare, Julius Caesar was famous in his Roman city which. Julius Caesar was a dictator that turned the Roman republic to the Roman Empire. Even though the life time of Julius Caesar took place in 100 BC – 44 BC, people everywhere will mention Caesar’s name and legacy. For starters, Julius Caesar’s time was very different from today life. People did not get married because they were in love with the each other most of the time. The reason people in Roman time got married was for perfect children. Babies that were not fit or unhealthy during this time would be thrown out and left for dead. According to Phillip Freeman, â€Å"Roman families had to keep the first girl that is born and all healthy boys.† (Freeman 23). During this time there were no public schools, only private schools and tutors that came to th e house. 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This quote also shows how Shakespeare perceived Julius Caesar as a prominent and influential man of his time. However, this view is not shared by all of the biographers that chose to write about Julius Caesar. In fact a famous ancient writer named Plutarch depicted Julius Caesar as a power-hungryRead More Julius Caesar Essay: Decision Making in Julius Caesar862 Words   |  4 Pages Decision Making in Julius Caesar nbsp; Making the right decisions is an ongoing struggle for man, because making decisions is never easy, and the wrong decision can lead to endless perils. Decisions must be made when dealing with power, loyalty, and trust. Yet, unlike other decisions, ones that are about these three fields are the most important, due to the risk involved, and because of the consequences that might follow. nbsp; Power- power is the complete domination of others, andRead MoreEssay On Julius Caesar1650 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction- Julius Caesar was a dictator of Rome in 47 BC, and then in 44 BC, he was appointed dictator for life.But really, who was Julius Caesar? Who is this man that was murdered because of his poor leadership? Some historians may believe that Julius Caesar did things that was for the benefit of Rome, and that he made Rome more powerful in a strong way. I understand why some people think that he was a good person, he did do things to benefit Rome. For one thing, he supposedly did give rightsRead MoreEssay on Julius Caesar951 Words   |  4 PagesEarly life Julius Caesar was born on July 13, 100 B.C. Though he was a descendent of the oldest patrician family, Julius Caesar grew up in a very poor district of Rome called Subura. As a child, he studied martial arts, history, and law (â€Å"Julius Caesar†). At the age of seventeen, Julius married Cornelia, the daughter of Luciussulla, who was a dictator of Rome. Because Luciussulla did not approve of the marriage, he tried to force the two to divorce, but they both refused. Julius Caesar studiedRead MoreJulius Caesar : A Hero1586 Words   |  7 PagesJulius Caesar: A Hero â€Å"I love the name of honor, more than I fear death,† a quote said by one of the most famous Roman leaders named Julius Caesar. Julius Caesar was born in July 100 BC and he died on March 15, 44B.C. Caesar was a general, politician, and a dictator. Caesar was loved by many people for guiding them and providing safety for them, but he was also hated by a countless number of people. That hate ended up in him being murdered. He gave Rome hope for a better future and a promiseRead MoreThe Death Of Julius Caesar1106 Words   |  5 Pages the death of Julius Caesar became the most famous assassination in history. The death of Julius Caesar is placed in full context of Rome’s civil wars by eminent historian Barry Strauss. Moreover, the assassination itself was a complexly layered plan that was a direct result of Caesar’s power and leadership choices leading up to the fateful day. These key events leading up to the Ides of March—and the aftermath that follo wed—are important to understanding the immense effect Caesar s death had onRead MoreThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar1087 Words   |  5 Pages Augustus paper In his seventy sixth year Julius Caesar was assassinated by several senators on August 19, 14 CE. (Mellor 1). After Julius Caesar’s death, Antony (one of Caesar’s closest advisors) was expected to rule after him, but little did anyone know that Caesar was very fond of his nephew who voyaged with him on several missions and secretly adopted this fellow who went by the name of Gaius Octavius. (Mellor 6) Octavius would soon go by the name Augustus and become one of the greatest leadersRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Julius Caesar1050 Words   |  5 Pagessaid â€Å"The pen is mightier than the sword.† I agree wholeheartedly with this statement. Evidence that supports this claim can be found in both Shakespeare’s play â€Å"The Tragedy of Julius Caesar† and in the modern day example of Malala Yousafzai. In Julius Caesar, Mark Antony uses words to convince the citizens of Rome that Caesar was a successful leader and not someone they should celebrate the death of. Also, the conspirators use words to convince Brutus to join their cause. Without Brutus, the plan never

History and Chronological Order Free Essays

Gunfire and Brickbats: The Great Railway Strikes of 1877 In this article Gunfire and Brickbats, Gerald G. Eggent shows the significant history of the railroad strike and went through the workers and company owners. The main reason of this article was to show the conflicts and resolution of the strike that occurred at the time. We will write a custom essay sample on History and Chronological Order or any similar topic only for you Order Now Also the article show’s how the strike made many suffers economically and how the country suffered. Many readers do not understand what they read but this article will be very difficult to forget. The article’s thesis is on why and how the workers lead to the strike and also what they had to endure during the process of the strike. There were very terrifying violence’s that occurred at the strike. It shows how stubborn the workers were that they didn’t give up as easy, but it also explains on how little powers the workers had compared to the company owners. This strike was very popular and had spread everywhere in the country, including westward. This also shows how immigrants affected this strike. Like labor workers and the Chinese workers were targeted to do so. As well it was a concern to see that the government didn’t really care anymore. Eventually the strikes did lose to the poor imbalance but they did change the views of workers. After the strike the government helped both labor and capital. This article contributes my understanding of the historical period on the strike of 1877. After reading this article, I gained more knowledge and more descriptive events of the timeline. For example, how badly people needed jobs and the struggle they were going through. Articles like these are really the ones who teach everyone more precisely. In addition, this article was a perfect time to been given out, because this follow’s the timeline of the reading. This article has many strengths and weaknesses. The weaknesses are very weak, in other words weren’t that bad. One weakness was that the writing was too formal and hard to understand certain statements. Strength was the chronological order, and how everything was given out was just amazing. All the writing in this article was in control and it backed everything up. In conclusion, Gunfire and Brickbats was an odd and wonderful strike. How to cite History and Chronological Order, Essay examples

CompStat Management in the NYPD free essay sample

No, it surely does not. Composts s a system obsessed with numbers, and while in some areas it is a great tactic for kicking the workforce into shape, it can become tyrannical in the pursuit of those numerically motivated results. Was Stop and Frisk the major contributor to crime drop from 1993 to 2003? In Henrys The COMPOSTS Paradigm there is not one instance of Stop and Frisk throughout the entire book.It seems today that a majority of the controversy In the NYPD is revolving around a practice that isnt necessarily ingrained In the very structure that defines the crime stopping law enforcement agency, It Is simply one of the tactics that has taken a step too far In the publics eye. As someone who studies criminal justice and believes in the system I do see the importance of procedures like stop and frisk but, it is easy to see in a city that is so liberal in almost every respect that this type of conduct can be controversial. We will write a custom essay sample on CompStat Management in the NYPD or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In studying Composts I have learned that the entire purpose of it is to be flexible to the systems needs and that if a certain strategy does not have the desired effect it should be revised or removed if need be. The attitude that has been given off by the NYPD and Commissioner Kelly is not the one that supports that type of ethic; it has been one of impedance where those who speak out against it are discredited by whatever means necessary.Commissioner Kelly, through his thick headiness on this Issue has alienated a large portion of Nays Inhabitants because they believe they are always under persecution because of the unjust ways that stop, question, and frisk violates their personal privacy and pride. To say that stop, question, and frisk Is n impartial tactic is a farce, 85% of all people stopped were of black or Hispanic made more stops of young black men than there are young black men in the city population. 58,406 young black men live in New York City and the NYPD made 168,126 s tops. (Stop and Frisk By the Numbers, Forbes) For a system so caught up in the numbers I dont see why it is so difficult for them to interpret these numbers and do something constructive about it instead of stone walling any attempt at criticism. Composts over the past couple decades has been an incredibly positive practice for he NYPD and other law enforcement agencies alike but over the past couple years we have seen more and more opposition to it.It is time that they revisit the drawing board and get back to the roots of what was the most flexible and responsive law enforcement management policy the world has ever seen. On a more personal note, as someone who does believe in the system I do say with great confidence that stop, question, and frisk is something that needs work before I can accept it as an ethical practice. Works Cited Capital New York. Ray Kelly and the momentum of current stop-and-frisk policy.

Multinational companies in Jamaica Essay Example

Multinational companies in Jamaica Paper Multinational companies in Jamaica Name: Course: Institution: We will write a custom essay sample on Multinational companies in Jamaica specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Multinational companies in Jamaica specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Multinational companies in Jamaica specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Instructor: Date: Multinational companies in Jamaica Multinational companies have been highly significant to the growth of the Jamaican economy. The exponential growth of these companies has been felt not only in Jamaica and the Caribbean but also in continents such as Europe and North America where they have solid footholds in the respective countries consumer markets. Grace Kennedy and Lasco Jamaica are among the most successful companies in the Caribbean and more so in Jamaica. Multinational companies have a wide range of products that help diversify their portfolios. Grace Kennedy Company was founded in 1922 as a partnership between Dr. John J. Grace and Fred Kennedy. The Company started out as a small trading company and soon grew to have a wharfing facility to enable smooth flow of the company’s imports (Grace Kennedy, 4). The company in the Caribbean operates in Jamaica, Trinidad Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean respectively. Currently the company has sixty subsidiaries and affiliated companies across several continents around the world. The company has grown significantly since its inception form a privately owned company to a public company with a market capitalization of J$21 billion as of the year 2006. The company has a blueprint of catapulting its growth to become a leading global company with branches all over the world. The company has its activities in financial services, remittances services, insurance, manufacturing and retail and distribution. Employment-The Company has been particularly significant in the provision of employment to the Jamaican population. Since it began its operations, it has seen growth in its levels of operating activities and has diversified into different products and activities for the maximization of profits. The growth of the company means that the company has seen an increase in its revenues, which means that there have been more employments to facilitate the higher levels of activities. Employment for any population and country in general has many benefits. In addition, more employment means that the new employees are able to meet their basic needs such as costs for food. Adequate food for a family means the members are able to concentrate on crucial issues such as education. This also alleviates diseases, which are brought about by malnutrition that is because of poor diet or inadequate food. Employment means that people who are unemployed and venture into the new employment bracket are able to cater for their own needs such as education for their children and other basic needs. Revenue for the government-Moreover, new employees also translate to more revenue in the form of taxes for the government. More taxes enable the government to be able to fund more developmental projects such as the provision of basic needs such as water and sewerage systems. New employment helps in the reduction of crime as people who do not have any employment are able to find alternative and better sources of income. Public Ownership-The Company, after its evolution into a public entity, enabled Jamaican citizens to get a chance to own a part of the largest corporations in the country. The new public company after its listing as a public company was able to get more revenue to improve and increase its operations. This also meant that the company would employ more people to facilitate more production and maintain its growth. After the formation of the company in 1922, the company was particularly vital in the provision of basic services to the Jamaican public. This was extremely difficult to find if not impossible, in a period marked by racial oppression such as financial services and insurance services. This enabled the Jamaican entity to be represented in the corporate world by a multinational company, which has several operations in different countries and continents. Grace Kennedy Company has also enabled the Jamaican population to have more products available to them at relatively fair prices. The provision of basic commodities such as packed foods enabled people all financial backgrounds at relatively average prices. This has opened up the market to innovation and competition posed by the different players in the market. Negative impacts Focus on imports-Grace Kennedy has been solely involved in the import of products instead of diversification into the manufacture of products (Grace Kennedy, 11). Manufacture of products in Jamaica would be particularly relevant to the economy by the provision of new jobs and would prove to be cost friendly to the cost reduction of the company. The company should focus on the provision of products that are solely made in Jamaica or the Caribbean. Provision of unhealthy foods-this has contributed to the now persistent health issues affecting obese people due to high intake of fatty foods. Grace Kennedy has aided the distribution of foods that are considered unhealthy. Decline in currency value-Imports drain the country’s foreign reserves, which are used to purchase the imports. This makes it hard for the country to be able to maintain a strong currency. Lasco Jamaica has also been another company that has been in operation in the Jamaican economy since 1988 (Lasco Jamaica, 3). It has been involved in the provision of food, financial, personal care, household and pharmaceutical services and products. Positive impact Access to quality goods-Lasco Jamaica has been facilitating distribution of foreign products by employing aggressive marketing strategies. This has enabled the Jamaican public to be able to access high quality imports at relatively average prices Opening up of the market to healthy competition-Lasco Jamaica has also contributed to the opening up of the Jamaican market to competition posed by foreign products and enabled the local market to conform to high standards in the production of any goods (Lasco Jamaica, 15). This is evident by the presence of locally manufactured goods that are of high standards and are appealing to the consumer. Source of revenue for the government – the imports are usually taxed heavily on entry into any country. This ahs been a significant source of revenue for the government enabling it to fund projects Negative impact Focus on imports-The Company was involved in the importation of foreign products. This has had a negative impact on the Jamaican economy. Importation means that the company was denying local companies the much-needed revenues. Lack of employment due to imports– Lack of adequate revenues means that the local companies cannot employ more employees or even increase production Preference of foreign goods over local goods-The Company has not been a favorable force to the market due to its preference for imports such that it opposed the revival of Jamaican owned entity that would see the Jamaican government operate a dairy company. This would be favorable for the economy, as a whole. It would translate to more jobs in the economy and a reduction in the unemployment rates. This would also mean that the government would collect more revenue in the form of taxes and licenses from new products. In addition, the Lasco Jamaica Company has been providing the Jamaican population with fatty foods, which are considered unhealthy due to the presence of hydrated fats. The presence of such fats translates to people becoming unhealthy due to increase in weight. This leads to medical conditions such as obesity, bloods pressure and other heart related problems brought about by high cholesterol foods. Foreign affiliate-The Company seems to act as an affiliate of larger companies (Lasco Jamaica, 13). This denies the Jamaican populace the chance to work at companies, and denies the populace the chance to buy products that are made by Jamaican companies. The company should authorize the issue of shares and enable people to purchase their shares. This would enable the Jamaican population to have more ownership in entities that have been in existence for a long time and at the same time get money to invest in the farming activities. Grace Kennedy Company should have more responsibilities in the social scene because it has more market capitalization and resources at its disposal. This would be sufficient because the company owes its current existence to the Jamaican society. As a multinational company with the most number of subsidiaries and affiliate companies, they would be able to support such a perspective at the same time the company would be able to use the funds obtained in the acquisition of more equipment and invest in the local production of identical goods to ward off competition from the international products. The company should be the largest due to the high consumption rates of their products, which means that they earn more from the public thus they should give back to the public. Part of the revenue should go back to the society as it is because mast of it was derived from Jamaica. References Grace Kennedy. (2012). About us, 7.Retrieved from http://www.gracekennedy.com/home Lasco Jamaica. (2012). Home, 16. Retrieved from http://www.lascodistributors.com/Home.asp

Usher Surname Meaning and Family History

Usher Surname Meaning and Family History Usher is an occupational surname for a servant or courtier who served as an officer of a court to introduce strangers, or usher visitors in and out of meetings in large houses or palaces. It may also have originated as an occupational surname for the under-master of a school or who worked as a gatekeeper. The name derives from the Middle English usher,  Old French ussier, or  huissier, from the Late Latin ustiarius, meaning  door or gate.   Surname Origin:  French,  Irish, English Alternate Surname Spellings:  USSHER, USSIER, HUISSIER Famous People with the USHER Surname James Ussher - 17th-century Archbishop of ArmaghRichard Usher - English clown  and theatre designerAndrew Usher, II  - successful Scottish whiskey distillerDavid Usher -  Ã‚  English-born, Canadian singer songwriter and recording artistHezekiah Usher - first known bookseller in the American colonies Where is the USHER Surname Most Common? The Usher  surname, according to surname distribution information from  Forebears, is most prevalent in the United States, where it ranks as the 4,706th  most common last name. Usher is much more common based on population percentage in Belize, however, where it is the 10th most common surname. It is also found in England, Australia and South Africa. WorldNames PublicProfiler  data indicates  that the Usher surname is somewhat more commonly found in the North of England, as well as in the Midlands region of Ireland, the Northern Territory of Australia, Ontario in Canada, and in the Otorohanga, Stratford, Waimakariri and Taupo districts of New Zealand. Genealogy Resources for the Surname USHER Usher Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as an Usher  family crest or coat of arms for the Usher surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. USHER Family Genealogy ForumThis free message board is focused on descendants of Usher ancestors around the world. Search the forum for posts about your Usher ancestors, or join the forum and post a query about your own Usher ancestors. FamilySearch - USHER  GenealogyExplore over 240,000 results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Usher surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. USHER Surname Mailing ListFree mailing list for researchers of the Usher  surname and its variations includes subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages. GeneaNet - Usher RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Usher surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Usher  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Usher  surname from the website of Genealogy Today. Ancestry.com: Usher SurnameExplore over 600,000 digitized records and database entries, including census records, passenger lists, military records, land deeds, probates, wills and other records for the Usher surname on the subscription-based website, Ancestry.com. Usher Surname - GeniRead more about the history of the Usher surname and search for Usher family trees on the genealogy website Geni.com.- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back to  Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Art History essay question Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Art History essay question - Assignment Example Pre-historic art was commonly done in the cave, therefore it is not considered to be a movement by human beings but a period of artistic evolution and development. It comprises the whole painting and forms of drawings which were evident in caves. In addition, human sculptures are part of these ancient or prehistoric arts. In the current world most information, ideas or feelings are expressed in artistic form and these expressions did not start with the modern world; it was prehistorically expressed by the ancient people. On the other hand this was considered to be their main way of expression and preserving of certain information. The prehistoric people also decorated themselves with particular coloring matter to enhance beauty. The ancient near east is commonly remembered for the earliest civilization which developed in Mesopotamia. This was a region between two rivers the Euphrates and Tigris, currently called Iraq. The major civilization landmarks evident in this place were the mushrooming of urban centers resulting into the title â€Å"Cradle of Civilization†. Mesopotamia is commonly known also for the greater inventions of agricultural related machines and technologies. More so, the main reason why the region was named as near Middle East was due to its strategic position in the middle or near to the countries to the immediate west. The historical art of the ancient eastern has been largely related to the western art although the worse was more inclined to the biblical land thus rendering the eastern historical art meaningful to their art history. The historical art of the ancient Greece is greatly remembered for several reasons and a number of historic contributions they added to the world of history. The most significant historical archaic and artistic work of the western world was adamantly created and finalized in the 16th century as free paintings of

Writing for university assessments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Writing for university assessments - Essay Example opportunity for students to learn different strategies for approaching writing tasks so that one may communicate theories learned and relay an understanding of a particular topic to specific audiences. In writing for university assessments a student’s task is to communicate an understanding of a topic. In this regard, this essay is written with the objective of proffering the features of an academic essay in which this aim is achieved. An academic essay is a short piece of literary work written for the purpose of expressing the students’ thoughts, reflections, and reactions on diverse topics usually with a developed thesis used to establish the validity of the discourse. According to Duffin (1998, par. 1), academic essays â€Å"may vary in expression from discipline to discipline, but any good essay should show us a mind developing a thesis, supporting that thesis with evidence, deftly anticipating objections or counter-arguments, and maintaining the momentum of discovery†. Several literatures are available presenting rules for effective writing. Despite the span of time which evolved, the rules for effective writing remain the same and remain true and applicable to contemporary writing. For academic essays to be effective in communicating an understanding of the defined topic there are standard features that must be present. The following portion would proffer features of an academic essay accomplishing required objectives. Effective writing needs more than rules to compose a fairly effective essay. Rules are merely practical guides that give the writer direction and focus on the concepts and theories which he already has a competent grasp of. An academic essay requires the following basic features to be effective in the achievement of its objective: (1) a given topic; (2) an organized structure; (3) appropriate resources or reference materials; (4) adherence to prescribed writing style, correct grammar, and citations; and (5) reviewed, edited, and revised

Causes of Diversity in Organisms

Causes of Diversity in Organisms In order to discuss why living organisms are so diverse it is firstly important to discuss what diversity actually is. By dictionary definition biodiversity, the diversity of living organisms, is the variety of plant and animal life in the world or a particular habitat.(Compact Oxford English Dictionary, 2003 revised edition). However in 1992 the definition was clarified for scientific purposes by the United Nations Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro. It defined biodiversity as the variability among living organisms from all sources, including inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part: this includes diversity within species, diversity between species and of ecosystems.(www.urbanecology.org.au/wikipedia) From this definition we can split biodiversity into three separate groups; intra-species and inter-species diversity as well as diversity between ecosystems. Intra-species diversity can be due to two things; an acquired adaptation or a genetic adaptation. Organisms that have adapted to their environment are efficient in maintaining the fundamentals in the continuation of the species e.g. the ability to obtain water, food and nutrients. Other examples are the ability of the organism to reproduce, or cope with varying physical conditions such as heat and light intensity and respond to any of these changes in their environments. Acquired adaptations are those in which the species changes in order to adapt to a change in the environment without any change in genetics e.g. a mutation. An example is the long neck in a giraffe. It is agreed that giraffes have a long neck because long necked giraffes have coped with their environment better then short necked giraffes. They have mated more successfully and now all giraffes have long necks due to the continual mating of long necks and without a mutation occurring. Genetic adaptations are much more complex. They occur from a mutation in the DNA which has allowed one member of the species to be more successful than the rest. This advantage has allowed them to survive and mate, passing on the trait to the next generation, which will also survive while the others die out. Since one in every ten million genes mutate there are many different types of mutations that can occur. A substitution is where a single base changes from one form to another e.g. from AGG to AGC. An insertion is when an extra base is added into the sequence meaning a change in the codon triplets for the rest of the chain. A deletion is when a section of DNA is lost completely again changing the codon triplets. The change in the codon triplets which results in a complete change in the proteins produced is termed a Frameshift. Most mutations would lead to the death any offspring the organism may produce, as the mutation will inhibit the production of vital proteins. Some mutations however are beneficial to the organism, allowing it to gain an advantage over others and survive while the others die out. An example of this would be E. Coli. adaptation to high and low temperatures. E. Coli. was cultured for 2000 generations at 37C, the internal body temperature of Humans, where E. Coli. is most active. Three E. Coli. were then taken from this sample and one cultured at 32C, the second at 37C and the third at 42C. The new cultures where then compared to the older one by forcing them to compete with one another. It was found that the sample cultured at 32C was 10% fitter than the original(it out competed it by 10%) and that the culture grown at 42C was 20 % fitter then the original. This experiment showed that new, beneficial mutations are capable of adapting to new environments in as little as 2000 generations. (Bennet, A.F., Lenski, R.E., Mittler, J.E.(1992). Evolutionary adaptation to temperature I. Fitness responses of Escherichia coli to changes in its thermal environment. Evolution, 46:16-30.) These mutations can occur in many ways. Recombination is the formation of a new allele combination in a gamete, and new allele combinations lead to a mutation. It results from the swapping of genes at the chiasmata. This is where the chromatids are able to swap over, however it is a very delicate procedure as not a single difference in nucleotides can occur or frameshifting would occur. Independent assortment is the process of randomly pairing chromosomes to produce the widest variety of gametes possible during fertilisation. This increases the likelihood of an unusual pairing occurring which may turn out to be beneficial to the species. This may combine with chromosomal swaps to massively increase variation in species. Outbreeding is when the species breeds with similar species from a different habit, to produce an offspring with the characteristics of both parents. The species from the new habitat may be resistant to diseases the original can not fight, or the old species may be able to survive conditions the new can not. When these mate, both of the new positive traits can be passed on, creating a stronger species than before, that can inhabit new environments. Gene flow is the term for the transfer of genes from one population to another. Once all these mutations have occurred it becomes a case of survival of the fittest. If a disease comes along that kills most of the population, but not those that have mutated, then the mutated individuals will breed, creating a stronger version of the species than before. The weakest die and the strongest survive, even if this means 99% of the population dies to leave the few that have mutated. Over time the population will reach its former size, with every individual resistant to the disease. This decreases the gene pool but allows the species to survive and create a new gene pool which will grow. From this example it is clear that the environment in which the organisms live controls the diversity. For example, if land forms and splits up a species into two different locations, then the two will evolve separately and form different characteristics. An example of this is Darwins Finches. These are 14 different, but closely related, species of finches. They are located on the Galapagos Islands and were discovered by Charles Darwin on his voyages. The Galapagos islands are very new islands, formed only 5 million years ago by volcanic action. A species of finch has inhabited each island, evolving from a single ancestor which would have landed on the original volcanic protrusion from the sea. Darwin noticed that each species of finch had evolved separately from the others, developing distinct features to cope with the different environments e.g. beak shape or length, depending on food available on the island.(Galapagosonline.com)

De Beers Jewellery

Case Introduction De Beers, the so-called cartel in the jewelry industry, is a company that dominates diamond industry. The core operational of De Beers includes diamond mining, diamond shops, diamond trading and industrial diamond manufacturing sectors. De Beers is active in every category of industrial diamond mining: open-pit, underground, large-scale alluvial, coastal and deep sea. The company's headquarter located in Johannesburg, South Africa. As the vertically integrated diamonds producer, De Beers also controls the power f supply to its ‘sight holders'.The group owns and operates mines in Canada has gained 26% Interest In South African mines through Its partners, operates In more than 20 countries across six continents. Areas of focus are In Botswana, Angola, India, Canada and RASA (South Africa). As the year 2000, the company remained the world's leading diamond producer and distributor with extensive activities in the value chain of exploration, mining and distributio n of rough stones as well as significant influence in processing, manufacturing and marketing. History of De Beers: Cecil Rhodes EraFounder of De Bees, Cecil Rhodes started the company by renting water pumps to diggers with flooded claims during the diamond rush In 1871. He seized opportunities to purchase and consolidate claims and later enter mines. Among the rights he purchased was the right to mine the De Beers brothers farm, whose name became the name if his company. Rhodes used his market position and access to credit to engineer a merger with Barney Barton (who managed to obtain a large stake in Kimberley biggest mine), in 1888 to form De Beers Consolidated Mines.De beers controlled close to 100% of South African diamond output and 90% of oral diamond output. Its position was so formidable that when the company reduced production in 1888, rough-stone process quickly rose by 50%. By 1893, Rhodes had established a single buyer, the Diamond Syndicate. It was also Rhodes, who nev er married, who conceived of the Idea of diamonds as a symbol of committed romance. Rhodes became the prime minister of Cape Colony In 1890, ad enacted laws benefiting mine owners. The Glen Grey Act effectively relocated native Africans from their lands to make way for industrial development.Rhodes was responsible for laws During his reign, he named the country as ‘Rhodesia' (Zombie since 1980), and by the ruling time, commissioned railways, bridges, schools and public buildings has emerged efficiently. Rhodes died in 1902. De Beers' share of rough diamonds had fallen to due to a large discovery at Premier, a competing local mine, though De Beers owned a stake in its production. De Beers stepped up its focus on buying and consolidating mines as opposite arose. While the company would remain without a forceful new leader until the sass, the system put in place by Rhodes endured.Ernest Oppenheim Era Ernest Oppenheim, came to South Africa as a diamond buyer. He would become mayor of Kimberly in 1908 and a member of the South African Parliament in 1924. Oppenheim builds up diamond interest and founded the Anglo-American Corporation in 1924. He then set out to link gold and diamonds, and began purchasing every known diamond mine in the early sass including new fields in Iambi. Oppenheim not only purchased mines, but also established a distribution system independent of dominant De Beers syndicate.Oppenheim began raising the issue of racial problems in Johannesburg, where e lived, and lobbied for creation of modern native villages and social progress for black Africans. As a member of the United Party and a member of parliament, Ernest opposed the Afrikaner nationalist. Unfortunately, the Nationalist Party came into power in 1942. And the era of apartheid, or institutionalized racial discrimination began. Harry Oppenheim Era Harry, son of late Ernest became the CEO of De Beers in 1957 until 1984.Harry was born to an assimilated Jewish family of German origins in Kimberly, the original center for diamond mining in South Africa, and lived most of his life in Johannesburg. Harry Oppenheim was also known for his philanthropy. From 1967, the social investment activities of De Beers were merged with those of Anglo American in the Group Chairman's Fund. The fund initiated and finances numerous projects that contributed to community development on a large scale in South Africa, particularly in the arenas if education and heals.De Beers was instrumental in establishing a number of schools and technical colleges for black students. Following the Sweet riots in 1976, Harry established the Urban Foundation to improve, directly and wrought legislative reform, the social and industrial environment of urban native Africans. The slogan on ‘Diamond is forever' was created during his time with De Beers. Nicholas Oppenheim Era In 1985, Harry son Nicholas succeeded him as a Chairman. In addition to diamond trading business and other related profit mak ing activities.Through the sass and sass, De Beers geologist explored in Angola, Australia, Brazil, Bolivia, Canada, China, DRY, Lesotho, Iambi, Russia, Venezuela and Zombie. Through this period, De Beers also expanded its advertising program worldwide; n 1972 in Spain and Brazil; in 1977 in Holland, Belgium, Austria, and Switzerland; in 1979 in Mexico; in 1982 in Singapore, the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Taiwan; and 1984 in India and Korea. In the mid-sass, De Beers has implemented plans to ensure that its mines in Africa met 3rd party certified environmental management standards.De Beers also set aside nature reserves around mining areas in South Africa, Botswana and Iambi and commenced programs to protect rare biodiversity. Problem Statements The end of apartheid era in 1994, has written down several changes in the policies dad in South Africa. The situation become different for the native people where high priority then given to them instead of the Afrikaners. While rec ognizing that diamond mining had made economic contributions, a growing proportion of policymakers in Africa believed that the diamond industry had not generated sufficient contribution by way of value-added processing activities.Therefore the Minerals Development Bill was drafted by the South African Department of Minds and Energy (DEEM) which would become the county's new mining law by year 2000 and gibe the state exclusive custodianship of all mineral rights. Then a new policy called ‘Black Economic Empowerment' (BEE) came into the scene in 2000 with a goal of creating opportunities for previously disadvantaged communities and individuals, including black Africans, women and people with disabilities.In addition to the changes in policies as one of the biggest challenges, a potential threat came into the gem market by the advancing technologies, for synthetic production. Thus, De Beers needed a new strategy to override with both rapidly changing industry environment and new expectations of society. SOOT Analysts Strengths Weaknesses Its reputation of monopoly Strong investment in marketing and advertisement. Good – strong reputation with the ruling government.High operating cost (exploration, mining, sorting and distribution) Issue with mines that are offset with civilization areas. Strong competitors from other brands Opportunities Threat Technology advancement. Backed by government policies to support the health of the industry. Apartheid issue Strong competitors from other brands. Racial issue could cause angry mobs to destroy the mining equipment (loss) De Beers' 4-legged Strategy First Legged: To improve efficiency and margins from De Beers own operations Second Legged: To stimulate demand of diamond by at least 5% per year.Third Legged: To establish De Beer's own brand that directly meets the end customer. Forth Legged: Suppliers of Choice (SOC) – to improve efficiency and productivity sight holders. Recommendation Despite having sh ares in the major mining area since late sass, De Beers should expand/ to make effort to penetrate to new ventures of exploration areas. This is due to demand of synthetic industrial diamonds which is largely used in lots of fields: deiced, drilling tools for oil & gas, entertainment industry especially in acoustic devices and others.As a analyses, I couldn't see any issues of expansion, since De Beers has been the market leader for almost half of the century. In order to manage the societal crisis, De Beers can improve its labor policies by giving more benefits such as insurance, incentives, and other related compensation. Apart from that, the company should determine a minimum wage for its labor, and the company should keep on protecting the rights against child labor which happens to be a serious problem is African continents. To maintain a good CARS, De Beers should implements ways to give back to the community.Prevention campaign such as Hips, poverty and starving which are qui te popular in the African countries should be carried out efficiently to ensure that De Beers is the organization that cares, for what it's worth to public images. It is also important to sustain the efficiently of providing good diamonds to the world, Just for the company to stay relevant in the industry. In order to achieve that, De Beers must focus its core business as the producer of pure diamonds, not only focusing much on synthetic quality.

Rain Man

Rain Man The movie I chose to analyze from a psychological perspective is Rain Man. The character I have chosen is Charlie Babbit . I chose Charlie because it was interesting to see how drastic he changes his moods. At one point he can be happy and the next he could be yelling at everyone. Charlie Babbit is a Caucasian male around his late twenties who works as a car salesman, and has a girlfriend named Susanna. Charlie Babbitt is a selfish man who gets angry very easily. He focuses on what he has to say rather than what others have to say. He is a very demanding person.Charlie has avoided talking to his father for years. When he finds out that his father passed away he didn’t react at all it was like if nothing had happened. Instead he focuses on how much money his father left him in his will. His father left three million dollars to his autistic brother Raymond of whose existence Charlie knew nothing of. The prenatal life of Charlie Babbitt must have been in a time of negati ve life experience and stress for his mother. In order to better understand more about Charlie’s prenatal life would be to know what situations his mother was going through while she was pregnant.It seems to me that Charlie was an unhappy baby. His temperamental pattern must have been difficult. Charlie’s mother died when he was only two years old, and his brother Raymond was put away in a mental institution right after the death of his mother . Charlie did not form a healthy attachment with his parents since his mother passed away at an early stage in his life. During Charlie’s preoperational stage Charlie did not form a health bond with his father while growing up.

I Am A Great Guy Who Always Been Labeled With The Word ``...

Kamish Yousuf Kamish Yousuf, a name that had always been labeled with the word â€Å"mediocrity.† Growing up, he never expected much from himself and the world didn’t seem to think he would be able to do much in life. When he was asked about what he wanted to do when he grew up, instead of saying the words â€Å"engineer† and â€Å"lawyer†, he would simply say, â€Å"I just want to help people.† He was a great guy who always wanted to see people happy. He had the potential to do great things and possibly change the world, but how? From elementary school to senior year of high school, his grades were right at, or below, average. Looking at Kamish Yousuf on paper was not a pleasant sight. He once showed a friend his high school transcript during junior year and the friend told him that it would take a miracle for him to be accepted into a good school, let alone a great university. After hearing those words, his self-confidence had collapsed. He didn’t even try to apply to colleges, because he thought it would be a waste of the admissions office’s time to go through a doomed application. He didn’t have the guidance, direction, or self-motivation to succeed in high school. It’s safe to say that Kamish Yousuf screwed up during those four years, but he somehow managed to graduate. The night before his first college class, he locked himself inside his bedroom with the thought of killing himself. Though he had just crossed a milestone in his life, he wasn’t ready to continue his jour ney. He wanted toShow MoreRelatedLimitation of Trait Theory12233 Words   |  49 Pagesalthough not all, studies of leadership focus on the nature of leadership in the workplace. Leadership should be distinguished from management. Management involves planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling, and a manager is someone who performs these functions. A manager has formal authority by virtue of his or her position or office. Leadership, by contrast, primarily deals with influence. A manager may or may not be an effective leader. A leaders ability to influence others mayRead MoreStrategy Safari by Mintzberg71628 Words   |  287 PagesSTRATEGY SAFARI A GUIDED TOURTHROUGH THE WILDS OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT HENRY MINTZBERG BRUCE AHLSTRAND JOSEPH LAMPEL T H E FREE PRESS NEW YORK aJaiz. u.frmiu/i  «...* „.;i†¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢/ . †¢ . . †¢. »Ã¢â‚¬ ¢.. . .. †¢..†¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢.-.†¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢a/itiktSii^i THE FREE PRESS A Division of Simon Schuster Inc. 1230 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10020 Copyright  © 1998 by Henry Mintzberg, Ltd., Bruce Ahlstrand, and Joseph Lampel All rights reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. THERead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesof a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Whetten, David A. (David Allred) Developing management skills /David A. Whetten, Kim S. Cameron.—8th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-13-612100-8 1. Management—-Study and teaching. 2. Management—Problems, exercises, etc. Kim S. II. Title. HD30.4.W46 2011 658.40071 173—dc22 I. Cameron, 2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesdesignations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Robbins, Stephen P. Organizational behavior / Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge. — 15th ed. p. cm. Includes indexes. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-283487-2 ISBN-10: 0-13-283487-1 1. Organizational behavior. I. Judge, Tim. II. Title. HD58.7.R62 2012 658.3—dc23 2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1Read MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesstudies. I. Title. HF5415.1.H37 2009 658.800973—dc22 2008040282 ISBN-13 978-0-470-16981-0 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PREFACE Welcome to the 30th anniversary of Marketing Mistakes and Successes with this 11th edition. Who would have thought that interest in mistakes would be so enduring? Many of you are past users, a few even for decades. I hope you will find this new edition a worthy successor to earlier editions. I think